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Vitamin D, which includes forms such as ergocalciferol (D2), cholecalciferol (D3), and alfacalcidol, is a crucial fat-soluble vitamin that facilitates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Ensuring adequate levels of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus is essential for developing and maintaining strong bones. This vitamin is commonly used to prevent and treat bone conditions like rickets and osteomalacia. The body naturally produces vitamin D when skin is exposed to sunlight, but factors such as sunscreen use, protective clothing, limited sun exposure, darker skin pigmentation, and aging can hinder its production. Additionally, vitamin D, often combined with calcium, is utilized to prevent or treat bone loss, known as osteoporosis. It also plays a role in managing low calcium or phosphate levels due to certain disorders, such as hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, and familial hypophosphatemia. In cases of kidney disease, vitamin D helps maintain normal calcium levels to support healthy bone growth. For breastfed infants, who may not receive enough vitamin D from breast milk, supplements or drops are recommended.