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Vitamin D, which includes forms such as ergocalciferol (D2), cholecalciferol (D3), and alfacalcidol, is a crucial fat-soluble vitamin that enhances the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Maintaining adequate levels of these nutrients is essential for developing and preserving strong bones. Vitamin D is employed in the treatment and prevention of bone conditions like rickets and osteomalacia. It's naturally produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight, but factors like sunscreen use, protective clothing, limited sunlight exposure, darker skin, and aging can hinder sufficient vitamin D production from sunlight. In combination with calcium, vitamin D is used to combat or prevent bone loss associated with osteoporosis. Additionally, it is used alongside other treatments to address low calcium or phosphate levels resulting from specific disorders, such as hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, and familial hypophosphatemia. In kidney disease, it helps maintain normal calcium levels, promoting healthy bone growth. Since breast milk typically contains low vitamin D levels, supplements or drops are often recommended for breastfed infants.