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The following is essential safety and warning information for those using Trileptal (oxcarbazepine). It is critical to review these details and discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.

• Low Blood Sodium Levels: While uncommon, Trileptal can lead to low sodium levels in the blood, particularly within the first three months of treatment. Symptoms might include weakness, confusion, headaches, or memory issues, although many patients do not experience noticeable symptoms, and the condition is often identified through blood tests. It is advisable for your healthcare provider to regularly monitor your sodium levels. Immediate medical attention is necessary if symptoms occur. Older adults and those on medications that lower sodium levels are at higher risk.

• Severe Allergic and Skin Reactions: Trileptal may cause severe allergic reactions, including potentially life-threatening conditions such as facial swelling and anaphylaxis. Individuals allergic to carbamazepine (Tegretol) or possessing certain genetic markers, particularly those of Asian descent, are at increased risk. Alert your healthcare provider if you have such allergies.

• Risk of Suicidal Thoughts: The use of Trileptal can increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behaviors, potentially within the first week of treatment. Symptoms to watch for include anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, or restlessness. Immediate medical assistance is advised if these symptoms arise, especially for those with a history of depression or mental health issues.

• Cognitive and Motor Impairments: Trileptal may cause difficulties with speech, concentration, and movement, as well as dizziness and drowsiness. These effects can impair your ability to perform tasks requiring attention, such as driving. The risk is heightened when taken with other sedative medications or alcohol. Consult with your provider if these side effects are pronounced.

• Increased Seizure Risk: Although Trileptal is effective for seizure control, it may occasionally exacerbate seizures, particularly in children but also in adults. If seizure symptoms worsen, discontinue use and seek immediate medical help.

• Withdrawal Risk: Abrupt cessation of Trileptal can increase seizure risk. Do not stop the medication without consulting your healthcare provider, who can guide a gradual discontinuation process.

Contraindications: Trileptal should not be used by individuals with a past allergy to Aptiom (eslicarbazepine). Discuss your medical history thoroughly with your healthcare provider before starting this medication.

When taking oxcarbazepine, some individuals may experience common side effects such as dizziness, nausea, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, or symptoms of an upper respiratory infection like a runny nose or sore throat. These effects are usually mild and often manageable, but if they persist or become bothersome, consulting a healthcare provider is advised.

In addition to common side effects, some users may report experiencing constipation, heartburn, nervousness, or issues with balance or coordination. While these are typically less concerning, it's important to monitor any changes and discuss them with a medical professional if necessary.

More serious side effects, although rare, require immediate medical attention. These include severe allergic reactions such as hives, rash, or swelling, particularly of the face, lips, or tongue, and difficulty breathing. Skin reactions, which can be serious, may include blistering or peeling. A drop in blood sodium levels can also occur, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, confusion, or seizures. Additionally, mood changes, depression, and suicidal thoughts or behaviors have been observed in a small number of people.

It is crucial to be vigilant for these severe side effects and seek urgent medical help if they arise. Always communicate with your healthcare provider about any side effects you experience to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication.

When taking Trileptal (oxcarbazepine), be aware that it can interact with several other medications. It's important to inform your doctor or pharmacist about all the medicines and supplements you are currently using, whether they are prescribed, over-the-counter, or herbal.

1. Interactions with Specific Medications:

   • Avoid Using Together: Some medications, like cabotegravir, doravirine, and rilpivirine, should not be used with Trileptal. Your doctor might choose to prescribe a different treatment if you are on these drugs.
   • Caution Advised: Certain medications are usually not recommended to be taken with Trileptal, but sometimes may be necessary. In such cases, your doctor might adjust the dosage or frequency. This includes drugs like alfentanil, Amiodarone, Buprenorphine, cobicistat, elvitegravir, some hormonal contraceptives (like Ethinyl Estradiol), and Orlistat, among others.
   • Potential Side Effects: Using Trileptal with medications such as Lamotrigine, Simvastatin, or Verapamil may increase the risk of side effects. Your doctor may adjust your treatment plan accordingly.

2. Impact on Hormonal Birth Control:

   • Trileptal may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal birth control methods like pills, patches, or rings, potentially leading to pregnancy. Consider discussing backup contraception with your healthcare provider and report any unusual spotting or bleeding.

3. CNS Depressants:

   • Be cautious when combining Trileptal with substances that cause drowsiness, such as alcohol, certain antihistamines (like Cetirizine), sleep or anxiety medications (such as Alprazolam), muscle relaxants, and opioids (like codeine). Always check product labels for drowsiness warnings and consult your pharmacist for safe usage.

4. Similar Medications:

   • Avoid using medications containing eslicarbazepine while taking Trileptal, as they are very similar and could lead to excessive dosing.

Ensuring that your healthcare providers are aware of all the medications you take will help manage potential interactions effectively.