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The use of Carbamazepine (Tegretol) comes with several important safety warnings and contraindications that should be reviewed carefully. If you have any questions or concerns, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider.

• Severe Skin Reactions: There is a risk of life-threatening skin conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), particularly in individuals of Asian descent or those with the HLA-B 1502 gene. Symptoms like sore throat, fever, fatigue, rash, painful blisters, skin reddening, or peeling warrant immediate medical attention and discontinuation of the drug.

• Low Blood Cell Counts: Carbamazepine can lead to a decrease in blood cell counts. Regular monitoring through complete blood counts (CBC) is advised. Symptoms like fever, shortness of breath, chills, weakness, unusual bruising or bleeding, or blood in urine, stools, or gums should be reported to your healthcare provider immediately.

• Severe Allergic Reactions: There is a possibility of severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and DRESS syndrome. Those with the HLA-A 3101 gene may be at increased risk. Seek medical help if you experience facial swelling, fever, rash, or swollen lymph nodes.

• Suicidal Thoughts or Behavior: This medication may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior, potentially emerging as soon as one week after starting treatment. Report any suicidal ideation or unusual changes in behavior, such as anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, anger, or restlessness, to a healthcare provider promptly.

• Harm to Unborn Babies: Pregnant individuals should avoid carbamazepine due to risks to the unborn baby, including developmental issues and seizures. Discuss safer alternatives with your healthcare provider if pregnancy is planned or confirmed.

• Withdrawal: Abrupt discontinuation can increase seizure risk. Any changes to dosage should be done under medical supervision to safely taper off the medication.

• Cognitive and Motor Impairments: Some users may experience difficulties with speech, concentration, and coordination, as well as extreme dizziness and drowsiness. Be cautious when driving or performing tasks requiring focus, especially if combined with alcohol or other sedative medications.

• Liver Problems: Though rare, carbamazepine can cause liver damage. Regular liver function tests are recommended. Symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, right-sided stomach pain, fatigue, appetite loss, or jaundice require immediate medical attention.

• Low Sodium Levels: The medication might lower sodium levels, especially in those over 65 or taking diuretics. Severe symptoms such as confusion, weakness, or unsteadiness should be reported immediately. Seek urgent care for hallucinations, increased seizure activity, or fainting.

• High Eye Pressure: Rarely, this drug can affect eye pressure and potentially worsen glaucoma. Regular eye exams are advisable. Report any vision changes to your provider.

• Heart Block: Carbamazepine may affect heart rhythm, causing or worsening heart block. Seek medical advice if experiencing dizziness, chest pain, palpitations, or fatigue.

Contraindications:

• Do not use if you have a history of bone marrow issues, sensitivity to tricyclic medications, or have used MAOIs within the last 14 days.
• Avoid using with nefazodone or certain HIV medications like non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

These warnings are crucial for ensuring your safety while using Carbamazepine (Tegretol). Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance.

Common side effects:

• Dizziness
• Sleepiness
• Nausea
• Vomiting

Less common but important to monitor:

• Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
• Constipation
• Itching
• Dry mouth
• Weakness
• Rash
• Blurry vision
• Speech problems
• Shakiness
• High blood pressure
• Burning or prickling sensations
• Trouble concentrating
• Twitching

Serious side effects:

• Suicidal behavior or thoughts of self-harm
• Serious allergic and skin reactions such as sore throat, fever, fatigue, rash, hives, painful blisters, skin reddening, skin peeling, and swollen lymph nodes
• Low blood cell counts presenting with symptoms like fever, trouble breathing, chills, weakness, unusual bruising or bleeding, and blood in urine, stools, or gums
• Liver problems manifesting as severe nausea, vomiting, right-sided stomach pain, fatigue, low or no appetite, and yellowing of the skin or eyes
• Low blood sodium levels causing nausea, fatigue, headache, confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, seizures, or unconsciousness

Carbamazepine is a medication used to treat seizures and certain types of nerve pain. However, it can interact with various substances, affecting how it works or leading to side effects. It's important to be aware of these interactions to use the medication safely.

Medications That Can Increase Carbamazepine Levels:

Some drugs can raise the amount of carbamazepine in your blood, potentially causing side effects like dizziness or drowsiness. These include:

• Certain antibiotics, such as Erythromycin and Clarithromycin.
• Antifungal medications like Ketoconazole and Itraconazole.
• Heart medications, including diltiazem and Verapamil.
• Antidepressants like Fluoxetine.

Medications That Can Decrease Carbamazepine Levels:

Other drugs may lower carbamazepine levels, making it less effective. These include:

• Other seizure medications, such as Phenytoin and Phenobarbital.
• Tuberculosis treatments like Rifampin.

Carbamazepine's Effect on Other Medications:

Carbamazepine can also affect how other drugs work by speeding up their breakdown in the body. This can reduce their effectiveness. Affected medications include:

• Hormonal birth control methods, which may become less reliable.
• Blood thinners like Warfarin.
• Certain antidepressants and antipsychotics.

Herbal Products and Foods:

Natural products can also interact with carbamazepine:

• Grapefruit juice can increase carbamazepine levels, leading to side effects.
• Herbs with sedative effects, such as kava and valerian, may enhance drowsiness when taken with carbamazepine.

Other Considerations:

• Combining carbamazepine with Lithium may increase the risk of side effects affecting the nervous system.
• Using carbamazepine with certain antibiotics, like Isoniazid, can raise the risk of liver problems.

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking. They can help you manage potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan as needed.