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Pilocarpine HCl is primarily used to treat dry mouth in patients who have undergone radiation therapy for head and neck cancer or those with Sjgren's syndrome. It is also used in ophthalmology to manage glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure.

Pilocarpine is still used, but its use has declined due to the development of newer medications with fewer side effects and more convenient dosing schedules. It is primarily used in the treatment of glaucoma and dry mouth associated with Sjgren's syndrome or radiation therapy. However, newer treatments often offer better efficacy and tolerability, leading to a preference for those options in many cases.

Pilocarpine causes the pupils to constrict, a process known as miosis. It also increases the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye, which can help reduce intraocular pressure. This is particularly beneficial in the treatment of conditions like glaucoma. Additionally, pilocarpine can cause the ciliary muscle to contract, which may lead to temporary changes in vision, such as difficulty focusing on distant objects.

Pilocarpine should not be used by individuals who have uncontrolled asthma, acute iritis, or narrow-angle glaucoma. Additionally, those with known hypersensitivity to pilocarpine or any of its components should avoid using it. It is important for individuals to consult with their healthcare provider to determine if pilocarpine is safe for their specific condition.

Pilocarpine can affect night vision. It causes the pupil to constrict, which can reduce the amount of light entering the eye, potentially making it more difficult to see in low-light conditions. This effect may impair night vision for some individuals.