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Vitamin D, available as ergocalciferol-D2, cholecalciferol-D3, and alfacalcidol, is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body. Ensuring adequate levels of vitamin D, along with calcium and phosphorus, is essential for developing and maintaining strong bones. This vitamin is commonly used to treat and prevent bone-related conditions such as rickets and osteomalacia. The body naturally produces vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight; however, factors like the use of sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, limited sun exposure, having dark skin, and aging can reduce vitamin D synthesis. Additionally, vitamin D, often combined with calcium, is employed in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. It is also used alongside other treatments for managing low calcium or phosphate levels stemming from conditions like hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, and familial hypophosphatemia. In individuals with kidney disease, vitamin D helps maintain normal calcium levels and supports healthy bone development. Because breast milk typically contains low levels of vitamin D, supplements or drops are recommended for breastfed infants to ensure they receive adequate amounts.