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This medication comes with several important safety warnings that should be reviewed carefully. If you have any concerns, please discuss them with your healthcare provider.

• Risk of PCP Infection Despite Prophylaxis: Pentamidine (Nebupent) is designed to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), yet there remains a risk of infection. In studies, it reduced the PCP infection risk by 50% to 70% among individuals with HIV. However, it is not suitable for treating an existing PCP infection due to inappropriate dosage for treatment. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience symptoms such as fever, cough, or breathing difficulties.

• Cough and Airway Tightness: This medication commonly causes coughing and a sensation of airway constriction, especially if you smoke or have asthma. These side effects are generally mild and temporary. If they persist or are bothersome, consult your healthcare provider about using a short-acting inhaler, like albuterol, prior to each dose of pentamidine (Nebupent).

• Monitoring Through Blood Tests and Follow-Up: While administered as an injection, pentamidine can lead to serious side effects including alterations in blood sugar levels, blood cell counts, and potential liver or kidney problems. Although it is unclear if these issues occur with inhaled use over the long term, regular blood tests and follow-ups are advised to monitor your health while using pentamidine (Nebupent). Ensure all necessary tests and appointments are attended punctually.

There are no specific contraindications provided for this medication. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and information.

When using this medication, some common side effects that may occur include cough, particularly during or immediately after inhaling, and airway tightening, which can affect a significant portion of users. Other frequent side effects are a bad taste in the mouth, headache, chest pain, and respiratory infections, though these are typically mild. If these effects persist or worsen, consulting a healthcare provider is advised.

Other side effects that have been reported include diarrhea, nausea, night sweats, herpes flare-ups, shingles, and flu-like symptoms. While these are generally not severe, monitoring and informing a healthcare professional if they occur is prudent.

There are rare but serious side effects that require immediate medical attention. These include symptoms of PCP infection such as shortness of breath, fever, and cough, as well as signs of pancreatitis like upper stomach pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and yellowing of the skin or eyes. Inhaled pentamidine may also cause severe reactions like abdominal pain, easy bruising or bleeding, fast or irregular heartbeat, mental or mood changes, and signs of kidney or blood sugar issues. Though very rare, a serious allergic reaction may occur, characterized by rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing. Prompt medical attention is crucial if any severe symptoms are observed.

This summary does not cover all possible side effects. If you experience any other unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.