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You may experience some common side effects like an upset stomach, heartburn, nausea, or headache. These are generally mild and should ease over time. If they persist or worsen, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider. Additionally, this medication can cause urine, sweat, saliva, or tears to change color to shades like yellow, orange, red, or brown. This is harmless and will stop once the medication is discontinued, although staining of teeth and contact lenses might be permanent.

Serious side effects, though less common, require immediate medical attention. These include signs of kidney problems like changes in urine output, mental changes such as confusion or unusual behavior, unusual tiredness, easy bruising or bleeding, small red spots on the skin, joint pain or swelling, and new or worsening shortness of breath. Chest pain is a very serious side effect needing urgent care.

Rarely, the drug may cause severe liver disease, which can be fatal. Symptoms like persistent nausea or vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach pain, yellowing of the skin or eyes, and dark urine should be addressed by a healthcare professional immediately. Another rare condition is a severe intestinal issue caused by C. difficile bacteria, which can happen during or after treatment. Symptoms include persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain or cramping, and blood or mucus in the stool. Avoid using anti-diarrhea or opioid products as they may worsen these symptoms.

Occasionally, a new yeast infection or oral thrush may develop, with signs like white patches in the mouth or changes in vaginal discharge. A very serious allergic reaction is rare but requires immediate medical help if you notice symptoms like persistent fever, new or worsening lymph node swelling, rash, itching, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.

This summary does not include all possible side effects. If you experience anything unusual, please consult your healthcare provider.

Rifampin can interact with a variety of other medications. It is crucial to inform your doctor or pharmacist about any changes in your medication regimen while using rifampin. This drug can enhance the elimination of other medications from your system, potentially altering their effectiveness. Some examples of affected medications are atovaquone, certain cancer treatments (like irinotecan), specific antifungal drugs (such as itraconazole), some calcium channel blockers (like nifedipine), treatments for chronic hepatitis C (such as sofosbuvir), cobicistat, lurasidone, HIV NNRTIs (like etravirine, nevirapine), praziquantel, and HIV protease inhibitors (such as atazanavir, darunavir), among others.

Rifampin may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives like pills, patches, or rings, which could lead to an unplanned pregnancy. Discuss with your healthcare provider whether you should use additional reliable birth control methods while on this medication. Inform your doctor if you experience any unexpected spotting or breakthrough bleeding, as these may indicate your birth control is less effective.

This medication could also affect certain laboratory tests, such as urine screenings for opiates and blood tests for serum folate/vitamin B12, potentially causing inaccurate results. Additionally, rifampin may interfere with the body's ability to eliminate certain chemicals used in gallbladder tests. Ensure that all healthcare providers and laboratory personnel are aware that you are taking rifampin.