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The safety and warning information below outlines essential considerations for the use of pentamidine (Nebupent), a medication aimed at preventing certain infections. It's crucial to understand these details to use the medication safely. Please discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider.

• Risk of Infection Despite Prevention: Pentamidine (Nebupent) is intended to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), yet infections may still occur. Research indicates a 50% to 70% decrease in recurrent PCP infections in HIV patients using this medication. However, it is not suitable for treating an active PCP infection due to insufficient dosing for treatment purposes. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience symptoms such as fever, cough, or breathing difficulties.

• Respiratory Side Effects: The use of pentamidine (Nebupent) may lead to coughing and a sensation of airway tightness. These effects are common and potentially more pronounced in individuals who smoke or have asthma. Although generally mild and fleeting, if these symptoms are bothersome or consistent, discuss with your healthcare provider the possibility of using a short-acting inhaler, like albuterol, before each dose.

• Need for Ongoing Monitoring: While the inhaled form of pentamidine (Nebupent) may not be linked to the same severe side effects as the injectable form, such as changes in blood sugar and blood cell counts, or liver and kidney issues, regular monitoring is advised. Routine blood tests and follow-up appointments are recommended to ensure the medication's safety and effectiveness. Make sure all tests and follow-up visits are conducted as scheduled.

There are no specific contraindications listed for pentamidine (Nebupent), but it's essential to communicate with your healthcare provider regarding any pre-existing conditions or concerns that might influence your treatment plan.

Common side effects:

• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• loss of appetite
• bad or unusual taste in the mouth
• dryness
• dizziness
• redness at the injection site
• pain at the injection site
• leakage at the injection site

Less common but important to monitor:

• easy bruising or bleeding
• mental changes like confusion or hallucinations
• signs of kidney issues such as changes in urination
• anemia signs such as severe tiredness or pale skin
• symptoms of low blood sugar including sudden sweating or shaking
• symptoms of another infection such as persistent sore throat or fever
• abdominal pain
• signs of high blood sugar like increased thirst or urination
• cough
• airway tightening
• wheezing
• oral thrush
• headaches
• chest pain
• respiratory infections
• night sweats
• flu-like symptoms

Serious side effects:

• rapid or irregular heartbeat
• severe dizziness
• fainting
• serious allergic reaction including rash, itching, swelling of the face or throat, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing
• inflammation of the pancreas
• PCP infection with symptoms like shortness of breath, fever, cough, upper stomach pain, or yellowing of the skin or eyes

Interactions with high risk of serious adverse effects and should be avoided:

• Bepridil
• Cisapride
• Dronedarone
• Grepafloxacin
• Levomethadyl
• Mesoridazine
• Pimozide
• Piperaquine
• Saquinavir
• Sparfloxacin
• Terfenadine
• Thioridazine
• Ziprasidone

Interactions with moderate risk that may require dose adjustment, closer monitoring, or timing changes:

• Amiodarone
• Dofetilide
• Procainamide
• Quinidine
• Sotalol
• Macrolide antibiotics (such as Erythromycin)
• Zalcitabine