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Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that carries certain risks and precautions. Below is a summary of important safety information to consider before using this medication. Always discuss with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns or questions.

• Heart Risks: Diclofenac may increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and blood clots, especially with long-term use or in those with heart conditions. Avoid using diclofenac before or after heart bypass surgery. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience chest pain, breathing difficulties, weakness on one side, or speech issues.

• Gastrointestinal Risks: This medication can cause serious stomach bleeding or ulcers, which may occur without warning. Older adults and individuals with a history of gastrointestinal issues are at higher risk. Symptoms to watch for include persistent stomach pain, black or tarry stools, or vomit resembling coffee grounds. Discontinue use and consult your healthcare provider if these symptoms occur.

• Liver Risks: Rarely, diclofenac can cause severe liver damage, potentially within the first month of treatment. Monitor for signs such as jaundice, fatigue, nausea, or dark urine, and inform your provider if these occur. Regular liver function tests may be necessary for long-term use.

• Blood Pressure and Heart Failure: Diclofenac can elevate blood pressure and cause fluid retention, potentially worsening heart failure. It may also interfere with certain blood pressure medications. Monitor your blood pressure and report symptoms like swelling or sudden weight gain to your provider.

• Kidney Risks: Diclofenac may impair kidney function, particularly in individuals with existing kidney issues or those taking certain medications. Alert your provider if you notice changes in urination patterns.

• Asthma Precautions: Diclofenac can trigger severe asthma attacks. It is not recommended for those with a history of NSAID-induced asthma. Seek emergency care if you experience difficulty breathing.

• Allergic Reactions: Serious allergic reactions, including skin reactions, can occur. Avoid diclofenac if you have allergies to NSAIDs or bovine products, as Zipsor contains gelatin from cows. Discontinue use and seek medical help if you develop a rash, fever, or swelling.

• Pregnancy Risks: Diclofenac can harm an unborn baby, especially when used in the second or third trimester. Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

• Contraindications: Do not use diclofenac if you have a history of severe allergic reactions to aspirin or other NSAIDs, or if you are allergic to bovine products (specific to Zipsor capsules). Also, avoid use shortly after open heart surgery.

Always discuss your medical history and current medications with your healthcare provider to ensure diclofenac is safe for you.

When taking this medication, some common side effects may occur but are generally mild. These include headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, constipation, diarrhea, gas, rash, dry or itchy skin, and blurred vision. Occasionally, individuals may also experience ringing in the ears, drowsiness, or stomach discomfort such as ulcers or bleeding. If these effects persist or worsen, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider.

More serious side effects, though less common, require immediate medical attention. These include signs of heart attack such as chest pain, cold sweat, and trouble breathing, or symptoms of a stroke like difficulty speaking or walking and weakness on one side of the body. Watch for signs of liver damage, such as persistent nausea, yellowing of the skin or eyes, and dark urine, as well as kidney issues indicated by changes in urination or muscle weakness.

There may also be symptoms of heart failure, like swelling of the ankles or feet and sudden weight gain, or severe allergic reactions characterized by fever, rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Additionally, serious skin reactions, such as painful blisters or peeling skin, should be addressed urgently. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact a healthcare provider right away. Always be vigilant about observing any new or unusual side effects and report them to your healthcare provider for guidance.

Certain medications and supplements can interact with diclofenac and affect how it works. It's essential to inform your doctor and pharmacist about all the medications and supplements you are taking, including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products.

Some drugs should not be combined with diclofenac, such as Ketorolac, due to potential adverse effects. Your doctor may choose to avoid using diclofenac or modify your existing medications if necessary.

There are also medications that, while usually not recommended to be used with diclofenac, might be necessary in some situations. These include blood thinners like Warfarin, Enoxaparin, and Dabigatran, as well as anti-platelet drugs such as Clopidogrel. If combined, your doctor may adjust the dosage or frequency of administration to minimize risks.

Additionally, drugs like ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril), angiotensin II receptor blockers (e.g., Losartan), and diuretics (e.g., Furosemide) can interact with diclofenac, potentially increasing the risk of side effects. If these are prescribed together, your healthcare provider will monitor your condition closely and adjust treatment as needed.

Finally, many pain relievers and fever reducers, such as Aspirin and NSAIDs like Ibuprofen, are similar to diclofenac and could enhance side effects if taken together. If you are on low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention, continue using it unless advised otherwise by your doctor. Always verify medication labels and consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance.