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Itraconazole, a medication used for treating fungal infections, carries several important safety warnings and precautions. It is crucial to be aware of these to ensure safe usage. Please review the following information and consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.

• Heart Failure Risk: Itraconazole may exacerbate or cause heart failure. If you have a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) or other heart conditions, this risk is increased. Symptoms such as shortness of breath, swelling in your ankles or feet, unusual fatigue, or unexplained rapid weight gain should be reported to your doctor immediately. Those with COPD, kidney issues, or conditions causing body swelling should also exercise caution.

• Abnormal Heart Rhythm: The medication can lead to a serious condition known as QT prolongation, which affects heart rhythm and can be life-threatening. This risk is heightened if you are taking other drugs that also cause QT prolongation.

• Liver Damage: There is a rare risk of severe liver damage or failure. Individuals with a history of liver issues or abnormal liver test results should undergo liver function tests before starting itraconazole. Seek medical attention if you experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, pale stools, or yellowing of the skin or eyes.

• Drug Interactions: Itraconazole can interact with various medications, including over-the-counter vitamins and herbal supplements, potentially causing serious or life-threatening effects. Inform your healthcare provider of all substances you are taking.

• Hearing Loss: The use of itraconazole can sometimes result in hearing loss, which may improve after discontinuation but can be permanent in some cases. The risk is higher for individuals over 65 years and those taking quinidine. Avoid concurrent use with quinidine, and report any hearing difficulties to your doctor.

• Vision Issues: Blurred or double vision may occur. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you understand how itraconazole affects you. Notify your healthcare provider if vision problems arise.

• Nerve Damage: Long-term use of itraconazole can lead to peripheral neuropathy, characterized by numbness or tingling in the extremities. Report such symptoms to your provider, who may advise discontinuation of the drug.

Contraindications: Do not use itraconazole if you have CHF, are taking drugs that can cause QT prolongation, or if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant and using it for treating fungal nail infections. Additionally, avoid use if you are taking dihydroergotamine or ergotamine, or if you have kidney or liver issues and are taking colchicine, fesoterodine, or solifenacin.

In case of an overdose, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Always keep your healthcare provider informed about your complete medical history and any medications or supplements you are taking to manage interactions and contraindications effectively.

When taking this medication, some common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, stomach upset, and dizziness. These are generally mild, but if they persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider. Additionally, some individuals may experience a mild rash, which is usually not serious, or swelling in the arms and legs. It's important to monitor your blood pressure regularly, as this medication may cause an increase.

Less commonly, users might encounter fever, tiredness, sleepiness, itchiness, lower sex drive, stomach pain, or loss of appetite. While these are generally not severe, any persisting symptoms should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

There are rare but serious side effects that necessitate immediate medical attention. These include signs of liver disease such as persistent nausea, loss of appetite, stomach pain, yellowing eyes or skin, and dark urine. Other serious conditions include congestive heart failure, indicated by trouble breathing, swelling, sudden weight gain, and rapid heartbeat; as well as abnormal heart rhythms, presenting with dizziness and fainting.

While a very serious allergic reaction is rare, it is crucial to get immediate medical help if symptoms such as rash, severe dizziness, itching/swelling (particularly of the face, tongue, or throat), or difficulty breathing occur. If you notice any other effects not mentioned here, contact your healthcare provider. Remember, many people using this medication do not experience significant issues.

Itraconazole can interact with various medications, potentially affecting its effectiveness. Some drugs can alter how itraconazole is processed in the body. This includes medications like efavirenz, isoniazid, nevirapine, rifamycins (such as rifabutin), and certain anti-seizure medications like phenytoin.

When taking itraconazole, inform your healthcare provider about all other medications and supplements you are using. This includes prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and dietary or herbal supplements. The interactions listed here are not exhaustive, so always discuss potential interactions with your doctor.

Certain medications should not be used with itraconazole, as they may lead to serious health risks. Some examples include alfuzosin, alprazolam, cisapride, colchicine, conivaptan, dronedarone, ergotamine, lovastatin, simvastatin, and many others. In such cases, your doctor might decide to use an alternative treatment.

There are other medications that, while not typically recommended to be used with itraconazole, may be necessary in some situations. If combined, your doctor may adjust dosages or how often they are taken. Examples include amiodarone, apixaban, atorvastatin, carbamazepine, clarithromycin, dexamethasone, fentanyl, and many others.

Some medications might increase the risk of side effects when used with itraconazole, but they might still be the best option for treatment. These include acenocoumarol, ciprofloxacin, meloxicam, ritonavir, and rosuvastatin. Your doctor will monitor and adjust your treatment as needed to ensure safety and effectiveness.